Somaliland
https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/25022025/somaliland
Published Date: 25 February 2025
Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher to Identify Risks versus Opportunities at the Country Level
Blog on FDI and International Trade by Alphabetical Order https://www.rozen-bakher.com/search-blog-1
This blog focuses on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how the Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the certain country or territory, still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
A Researcher in International Relations with a Focus on Security, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Somaliland
Disputed Country between Republic of Somaliland and Somalia
Disputed Territory between Republic of Somaliland and Puntland State of Somalia
Somaliland was a British Colony from 1903-1960 when UK granted Independency for the State of Somaliland, that shortly after that, merged with Somalia and became part of Somalia. However, in 1991, Somaliland made a Self-Declaration of an Independent Country, which until today recognized by only one UN member, Ethiopia, as well as by non-UN member, Taiwan, still, Somaliland has representative (liaison) offices in several countries (e.g. UK, Sweden, South Africa, Saudi Arabia), while several countries have diplomatic offices in Somaliland (e.g. Turkey, United Arab Emirates). Moreover, Puntland have a conflict with Somaliland about a territory that currently considers under Somaliland. Puntland is also a disputed territory that has a conflict with Somalia.
Population
Source: Ministry of Planning and National Development, Somaliland in figures 2024 https://mopnd.govsomaliland.org
One of the Prominent Religious Sites
Berbera, Somaliland
Key Figures of the Country, Global Position, Alliances, and 2024 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Yearly Rank to Compare the Global Political Power among Countries to Survive Long Conflicts and Wars at the Military Level and Economic Level Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/global-survival-rank-zrb
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Military, Political, Economic and Trade Alliances that Have an Impact on Global Order and Geopolitics Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Key Figures of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Source: Ministry of Planning and National Development, Somaliland in figures 2024 https://mopnd.govsomaliland.org
Country Profile
Somaliland - BBC https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14115069
Somaliland - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/place/Somaliland
Somaliland in figures 2024 https://mopnd.govsomaliland.org
Interview with the President of Somaliland
Research Papers and Research Books
Limits of hybrid political orders: the case of Somaliland Hoehne, M. V. (2013). Limits of hybrid political orders: the case of Somaliland. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 7(2), 199-217.
Feasibility study of renewable energy-based microgrid system in Somaliland׳ s urban centers Abdilahi, A. M., Yatim, A. H. M., Mustafa, M. W., Khalaf, O. T., Shumran, A. F., & Nor, F. M. (2014). Feasibility study of renewable energy-based microgrid system in Somaliland׳ s urban centers. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 40, 1048-1059.
Somaliland: a new democracy in the Horn of Africa? Hansen, S. J., & Bradbury, M. (2007). Somaliland: a new democracy in the Horn of Africa?. Review of African Political Economy, 34(113), 461-476.
The viability of Somaliland: Internal constraints and regional geopolitics Huliaras, A. (2002). The viability of Somaliland: Internal constraints and regional geopolitics. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 20(2), 157-182.
Assessment of drought recurrence in Somaliland: Causes, impacts and mitigations Abdulkadir, G. (2017). Assessment of drought recurrence in Somaliland: Causes, impacts and mitigations. Journal Climatology Weather. Forecasting, 5(204), 2.
Climate variability and livelihood in Somaliland: a review of the impacts, gaps, and ways forward Omer, M. A. (2024). Climate variability and livelihood in Somaliland: a review of the impacts, gaps, and ways forward. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), 2299108.
Somaliland Pegg, S. (2019). Somaliland. In Routledge handbook of state recognition (pp. 417-429). Routledge.
Somaliland: progress, state and outsiders Walls, M., & Kibble, S. (2011). Somaliland: progress, state and outsiders. Review of African Political Economy, 38(128), 335-343.
Consider Somaliland: State-building with traditional leaders and institutions Renders, M. (2012). Consider Somaliland: State-building with traditional leaders and institutions (Vol. 26). Brill.
Climate variability and livelihood in Somaliland: a review of the impacts, gaps, and ways forward Omer, M. A. (2024). Climate variability and livelihood in Somaliland: a review of the impacts, gaps, and ways forward. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), 2299108.
Complexities of State-Building in Somaliland Fagioli, M. (2024). Complexities of State-Building in Somaliland. International Studies Quarterly, 68(2), sqae053.
Analysing the education policies and sector strategic plans of Somaliland Melesse, T., & Obsiye, F. A. (2022). Analysing the education policies and sector strategic plans of Somaliland. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2152545.
Climate variability, food security, and adaptation strategies in Somaliland a review Omer, M. A. (2024). Climate variability, food security, and adaptation strategies in Somaliland a review. Regional Environmental Change, 24(3), 100.
The current state of neurosurgery in Somaliland Rosseau, G., Kim, E. E., Barthélemy, E. J., Yusuf, M., Dahir, S. M., Tolessa, C. S., ... & Shlobin, N. A. (2021). The current state of neurosurgery in Somaliland. World Neurosurgery, 153, 44-51.
Factors Affecting the Drought Preparedness in Somaliland Benito, O. P., Ahmed, N. I., Prasetyo, Y. T., Cahigas, M. M. L., & Nadlifatin, R. (2025). Factors Affecting the Drought Preparedness in Somaliland. Sustainability, 17(2), 668.
Exploring the Implications of the Somaliland-Ethiopia MoU: Trade, Security, and Diplomacy Khan, S., & Idle, A. F. (2024). Exploring the Implications of the Somaliland-Ethiopia MoU: Trade, Security, and Diplomacy. International Research Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 5(1), 901-917.
Somaliland Trade, Exports and Imports: An Overview Muhumed, M. M. (2016). Somaliland Trade, Exports and Imports: An Overview. Developing Country Studies, 6(8), 138-143.
The future of Somaliland livestock exports: examining the sustainability of livestock trade Muhumed, M. M., & Yonis, A. M. (2018). The future of Somaliland livestock exports: examining the sustainability of livestock trade. International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics, 5(8), 678-692.
Saudi Arabia end-market requirements and the implications for Somaliland livestock exports Mugunieri, G. L., Mtimet, N., Enock, K., Costagli, R., & Gulaid, I. (2015). Saudi Arabia end-market requirements and the implications for Somaliland livestock exports. ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD).
Historical Background and Historical Perspective
The remarkable story of Somaliland Kaplan, S. (2008). The remarkable story of Somaliland. Journal of Democracy, 19(3), 143-157.
Understanding Somalia and Somaliland: culture, history, society Lewis, I. M., Lewis, I., ASCAP, & Dwyer, M. J. (2008). Understanding Somalia and Somaliland: culture, history, society (Vol. 139). New York: Columbia University Press.
The ruined towns of Somaliland Curle, A. T. (1937). The ruined towns of Somaliland. Antiquity, 11(43), 315-327.
Somaliland: Choosing politics over violence Bradbury, M., Abokor, A. Y., & Yusuf, H. A. (2003). Somaliland: Choosing politics over violence. Review of African Political Economy, 30(97), 455-478.
When is a state a state-the case for recognition of somaliland Eggers, A. K. (2007). When is a state a state-the case for recognition of somaliland. BC Int'l & Comp. L. Rev., 30, 211.
The country that does not exist: a history of Somaliland Prunier, G. (2021). The country that does not exist: a history of Somaliland. Oxford University Press.
The heritage of war and state collapse in Somalia and Somaliland: local-level effects, external interventions and reconstruction Ahmed, I. I. (1999). The heritage of war and state collapse in Somalia and Somaliland: local-level effects, external interventions and reconstruction. Third World Quarterly, 20(1), 113-127.
British Somaliland: an administrative history, 1920-1960 Millman, B. (2013). British Somaliland: an administrative history, 1920-1960. Routledge.
Nomads trading with empires: Intercultural trade in ancient Somaliland in the first to seventh centuries CE González-Ruibal, A., de Torres, J., Martínez Barrio, C., Franco Fernández, M. A., Fernández Fernández, A., Gutiérrez de León Juberías, P., ... & Dualeh, A. J. (2022). Nomads trading with empires: Intercultural trade in ancient Somaliland in the first to seventh centuries CE. American Journal of Archaeology, 126(1), 103-138.
Exploring long distance trade in Somaliland (AD 1000–1900): preliminary results from the 2015–2016 field seasons González-Ruibal, A., de Torres, J., Franco, M. A., Ali, M. A., Shabelle, A. M., Barrio, C. M., & Aideed, K. A. (2017). Exploring long distance trade in Somaliland (AD 1000–1900): preliminary results from the 2015–2016 field seasons. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 52(2), 135-172.
Mapping the archaeology of Somaliland: religion, art, script, time, urbanism, trade and empire Mire, S. (2015). Mapping the archaeology of Somaliland: religion, art, script, time, urbanism, trade and empire. African Archaeological Review, 32, 111-136.
National Bird
Somali sparrow
